{"id":5369,"date":"2013-09-12T08:59:20","date_gmt":"2013-09-12T08:59:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bletherskite.net\/?p=5369"},"modified":"2013-09-12T08:59:20","modified_gmt":"2013-09-12T08:59:20","slug":"the-flodden-500-service-at-st-giles-edinburgh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\/?p=5369","title":{"rendered":"The Flodden 500 Service at St Giles, Edinburgh."},"content":{"rendered":"

On Monday Amanda and I were privileged to be able to attend the service in commemoration for the 500th anniversary of the Battle of Flodden held at St Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh. Over 40 Clan Chiefs were in attendance and you will be able to read the list of names below. The service included lessons read by Lord Guthrie of Craigiebank and Sir Malcolm MacGregor of MacGregor, a rendition of Flowers o the Forest by Isla St Clair and an excellent reading by historian Alistair Moffat.<\/p>\n

I’d like to continue by reproducing Alaistair Moffat’s reading given at St Giles. It was an excellent account of the battle and the aftermath.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

\n
FLODDEN ADDRESS. \u2013 ALISTAIR MOFFAT<\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
When dawn broke on the\u00a0morning of 10th September, 1513, the landscape of hell was revealed.\u00a0On the gently undulating northern ridges of Branxton Hill more than 10,000 men\u00a0lay dead or dying. In the midst of the carnage were the naked, plundered bodies\u00a0of King James IV of Scotland, his half-brother, Alexander Stewart, Archbishop\u00a0of St Andrews, George Hepburn, Bishop of the Isles, two abbots, nine great\u00a0earls of Scotland, fourteen lords of parliament, innumerable knights and\u00a0noblemen of lesser degree and many thousands of farmers, ploughmen, weavers and\u00a0burgesses. It was the appalling aftermath of the battle of Flodden, the\u00a0greatest military disaster in Scotland’s history.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
In the\u00a0grey light of that terrible dawn, sentries posted around the captured Scottish\u00a0cannon could make out where the brunt of battle had been joined. Below them, at\u00a0the foot of the slope ran the trickle of a nameless burn now choked with\u00a0slaughter, a wrack of mangled bodies, broken pikeshafts, shattered shields and\u00a0everywhere blood and the sickening stench of death, vomit and voided bowels.\u00a0Not all of the bodies were yet corpses. Through a long\u00a0dark night the battlefield had not been a silent graveyard. Trapped under\u00a0lifeless comrades, crippled, hamstrung or horribly mutilated, fatally wounded\u00a0men still breathed. Bladed weapons rarely kill outright and they were often\u00a0used to bludgeon men to their knees or into unconsciousness. In the churned mud\u00a0of the battlefield some men will have lost their footing, fallen and been\u00a0hacked at before they could get up. Many bled to death, maimed, lacerated by\u00a0vicious cuts, screaming, fainting and screaming once more in their death\u00a0agonies. Some will have been put out of their misery by parties of English\u00a0soldiers scouring the field by torchlight for plunder, stripping the bodies,\u00a0ransacking them for valuables. But other men will have lingered on in<\/div>\n
unspeakable pain, praying to their God, passing in and out of consciousness,\u00a0slowly bleeding to death. The fury of the battle on Flodden field may have been\u00a0stilled and awash with death and defeat. But all was not yet over.\u00a0In an instant the plunderers\u00a0and scavengers looked up and the sentries by the cannon stood to, frantically\u00a0peering through the morning light. They could hear the rumbling thunder of\u00a0hoofbeats \u2013 and then, suddenly, riders erupted over Barelees Rig. With 800\u00a0horsemen at his back, Lord Alexander Home galloped hard across the horrors of\u00a0the battlefield and up the slopes of Branxton Hill. They had not come back to\u00a0Flodden to rejoin a lost battle but to rescue their captured ordnance. And they\u00a0very nearly succeeded. After a sharp skirmish, the English gunners managed to\u00a0load and get off a volley at Home’s squadron, and they scattered.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
And so it ended. As the\u00a0Border horsemen wheeled round and raced out of range, the remnants of the\u00a0shattered Scottish army were limping across the Tweed at Coldstream. There was\u00a0no organised pursuit. The victorious English army had taken heavy casualties\u00a0and the Earl of Surrey and his captains were exhausted.\u00a0In any event, their bloody\u00a0work was done. The floors o’ the Forest were a’ wede awa, Flodden was a\u00a0national disaster, a harbinger of lawlessness in the shape of the Border\u00a0Reivers, the beginning of a long period of political uncertainty and the last\u00a0medieval battle in the history of Britain. The last time a king was to die\u00a0leading his army.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
It was also an epic. As two\u00a0huge armies mustered and marched into history, extraordinary scenes had been\u00a0witnessed. At Ellemford, high in the Lammermuirs above Duns, where sheep now graze\u00a0on the flanks of the hills, where buzzards hang in the updrafts and an elegant\u00a0bridge crosses the Whiteadder, King James IV and his army camped. Huge guns\u00a0were trundled down the hill trails, dragged by oxen, and by 21st\u00a0August 1513, almost 30,000 men had massed in this beautiful, now lonely valley.\u00a0Two days later, the largest force ever to leave Scotland crossed the Tweed at\u00a0the fords below Coldstream. They had declared war, they had entered the realm\u00a0of the Tudors, of the ferociously ambitious and bull-like Henry VIII.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Meanwhile Thomas Howard,\u00a0Earl of Surrey, and the Bishop of Durham carried the standard of St Cuthbert\u00a0before their battle-hardened troops. In front of the high altar of the great\u00a0cathedral, Howard had watched the bishop bless the flag of the Haliwerfolc. The\u00a0lands of Palatinate, of the Prince-Bishops of Durham, reached to the Tweed and\u00a0beyond, and in an early definition of Englishness, their people were known as\u00a0the Holy Man’s Folk, the Haliwerfolc. Ancient allegiances were being roused and\u00a0summoned.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Between 2nd and 9th\u00a0September two vast armies circled each other in a small corner of North\u00a0Northumberland, like heavyweight boxers looking for weaknesses or waiting for wrong\u00a0moves. After the Earl of Surrey had despatched a herald, the Rouge Croix, it\u00a0was finally agreed that battle would be joined on 9th September. Supplies\u00a0for almost 70,000 men, horses and camp followers were running dangerously low<\/div>\n
and neither army could remain in the field much longer.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Realising the strength of\u00a0the Scots’ entrenched position, Surrey led his men to the east, skirting\u00a0Flodden Edge and staying out of artillery range. On the morning of the\u00a0appointed day, he crossed the River Till and took up a position to the north of\u00a0James IV’s army, barring any retreat to Scotland. And then, on a damp\u00a0afternoon, the greatest battle ever fought between England and Scotland began.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
On the left wing of the\u00a0Scottish host, the Highlanders led by the Earl of Huntly massed in formation\u00a0with Lord Home’s Borderers, and in the moments before their chiefs roared the\u00a0claideamh mor, the order to charge, the Gaelic-speaking warriors did something\u00a0remarkable. They began to summon the army of the dead. They began the\u00a0sloinneadh, the naming of the names of memory. To bolster his courage, each man\u00a0began to recite his genealogy. Many waiting to charge could go back 20\u00a0generations. As if they were offering up the murmur of prayer, each man remembered\u00a0why he had come to fight. Is mise mac Iain, mac Ruaridh, mac Domhnuill. I am\u00a0the son of John, the son of Roderick, the son of Donald. And once their quiet\u00a0voices stilled, the roar of the claideamh mor rent the air and they broke into\u00a0the charge. With their broadswords and Lochaber axes, the Highlanders tore into\u00a0the English ranks, the division led by Edmund Howard, They scattered and a rout\u00a0was only prevented when Lord Dacre rode to the rescue with his English\u00a0Borderers. As history rumbled across Branxton Hill, fortune appeared to be\u00a0smiling on the Scots.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
At the same time, James IV\u00a0was about to make a catastrophic decision, a crucial error of judgement.\u00a0Instead of occupying an elevated position at the rear of his vast army, he\u00a0chose to lead from the front. His division raced down Branxton Hill and as they\u00a0reached the lower slopes and much softer ground, many men began to skid and\u00a0lose their footing. This unsteadiness made it very difficult for them to\u00a0control their long, 12 foot pikes. The wet ground made them charge out of\u00a0formation, only engaging piecemeal with the solidly planted ranks of English\u00a0billmen, With their shorter, more easily handled bills, they began to slice\u00a0into James IV’s division. And as the men at the back saw the Scottish pikes go\u00a0down, they hesitated and many of them ran, believing their king to be killed.\u00a0By leading from the front, James was immediately submerged in the ruck of the\u00a0fighting, only able to see what was directly in front of him, in no position to\u00a0direct his forces. The result was disaster.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
The legacy of Flodden was\u00a0most immediately and keenly felt in the Borders. North of the Tweed the memory\u00a0of the battle is kept alive in the fabric of the midsummer common ridings. At\u00a0Selkirk the ceremony of the casting of the colours is unique in Britain and it\u00a0is based on the return of a soldier known as Fletcher, traditionally believed\u00a0to have been the only one of sixty from the town to return. In his bloodied\u00a0hand he held aloft, in a gesture of desolate defiance, a flag captured from the\u00a0men of Macclesfield in Cheshire. Many Englishmen had fought and fallen at\u00a0Flodden.\u00a0And passions still run high.\u00a0When the Mayor of Macclesfield recently wrote to the Provost of Selkirk asking\u00a0for the return of the flag, he was told that he would need to come to the\u00a0Borders and take it.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Flodden is an immense story.\u00a0Like Culloden in 1746, it signalled the end of a fading, feudal Scotland.\u00a0\u00a0And it also ushered in a century of\u00a0lawlessness, the criminal society controlled by the appalling Border Reivers.\u00a0Across Europe, renaissance, enlightenment and the reformation were changing\u00a0lives, forming new ideas and creating the institutions of the modern world. In\u00a0the first half of the 16th century, central authority broke down in\u00a0a leaderless nation, and while swords and spears spoke in Scotland, the law was\u00a0often silent.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
What is to be learned from\u00a0all of that suffering and slaughter, from all of those ancient enmities? First\u00a0that they are ancient and must remain firmly in the past. In 2014 Scotland\u00a0faces a historic choice and whichever way the people of Scotland vote, it must\u00a0be a signal lesson of Flodden that enmity, even ancient enmity can have no\u00a0part. And it is to the credit of politicians on all sides of the argument that\u00a0it has not reared an ugly head. But it might.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
And alongside that it mustmbe important to remember, to understand the visceral, bloody realities of whatmwent on on that terrible day 500 years ago. Lest we forget, Flodden should\u00a0become a place of remembrance and of pilgrimage, a place where the\u00a0uncomfortable lessons of history can be learned and never forgotten.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Two weeks ago, on one of the\u00a0countless beautiful evenings of this glorious summer, I drove over to Branxton.\u00a0As the sun threw long shadows across the gently undulating fields, I tried to\u00a0imagine the 10th of September, 1513, the distant roar of thousands\u00a0of men, the screams, the fear and feral closeness of hand-to-hand fighting when<\/div>\n
men can smell the breath, smell the sweat of men grunting pushing, hacking, swearing\u00a0at them, trying to kill them. In a Gaelic phrase, I tried to listen for the\u00a0music of the thing as it happened. I tried to listen to the slow, sad music of\u00a0our history. I hope that many in Scotland and England hear it too.<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Prior to the sir Malcolm MacGregor (who has admitted that try as he might he can not find a single MacGregor involved in the battle) researched the casualty lists. The following names are clans and families who are known to have fought at Flodden along with notable people who fell in the battle:<\/p>\n

From the Highland Clans:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Campbell,\u00a0Erskine,\u00a0Fraser,\u00a0Gordon, Graham, Guthrie, Haldane, Hay, Keith, Leslie, Lindsay, Macaulay, Macfarlane, Mackay, Maclean, Macnab, Menteith, Moncreiff, Moray, Murray, Ogilvy, Oliphant, Ramsay, Rattray, Ross, Ruthven, Seton, Sinclair, Stewart, Forbes, Forsyth, Grant, MacKenzie, MacNaughton, Ross, Skene, Buchanan Of Leny,\u00a0MacDonald<\/p>\n

The Lowland and Border Clans and Families:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Adair, Abercromby, Adam, Anstruther, Baillie, Baird, Balfour, Barclay, Blackadder, Bonar, Boswell, Carnegie, Cathcart, Cleland, Cockburn, Colville, Craig, Crauford, Crichton, Cunningham, Dunbar, Dundas, Edmonstone Of Duntreath, Elphinstone, Fotheringham, Gray, Grierson, Haig, St.Clair Of Roslin, Henderson, Hepburne, Herries, Home, Hoppringle, Houston, Lauder, Liddel, Lockhart, Lumsden, Lyon, Masterson, Maitland, Maule, Maxtone, Maxwell, Melville, Muirhead, Mure, Napier, Rollo, Sempill, Somerville, Spottiswood, Stewart Of Traquair, Allardice, Ballingall, Kerr, Colville, Crammond, Eliott, Ferguson, Fleming, Foreman (Standard Bearer), Inche, Inglis, Johnstone, Kirkcaldy, Knolis, Logan, Montgomery, Morton, Muir, Nelson Of Madinpap, Otterbrun, Pitcarin, Pringle, Reid, Rorison, Savage, Scott, Seton, Tunstall, Vallanche, Wood Of Raik, Kennedy, Douglas, Hamilton, Livingstone, Wemyss, Wallace, MacLellan, MacCulloch, MacDowall<\/p>\n

Chief Or\u00a0Notable Head Of House\/Family<\/strong><\/p>\n

King James IV,\u00a0Archbishop Of St.Andrews (King’s Son),\u00a0Earl Of Morton ( Grandson Of James 1), Earl Of Glencairn, Douglas Of Drumlanrig, Sir James Dunbar, Dundas, Lord Elphinstone, Lord Erskine, Earl Of Huntly, Earl Of Montrose, Sir Alexander Guthrie, Haig Of Bemersyde, Haldane Of Gleneagles, Earl Of Errol, Earl Of Bothwell, Sir William Keith, Earl Of Cassilis, Earl Of Rothes, Earl Of Crawford, MacDowal, Earl Of Garthland, MacFarlane Of Arrochar, Hector MacLean Of Duart, Maxwell Lord Of Carlaverock, Sir John Moncreiffe Of That Ilk, Moray Of Abercairney, Ramsay Of Dalhousie, Rattray Of That Ilk, Rollo Of Duncrub, Master Of Ruthven, Lord Sempill, Lord Seton, Earl Of Caithness, Earl Of Atholl, Earl Of Lennox, Lord Darnley, Master Of Angus, Anstruther Of That Ilk, Ballingall Of That Ilk, Master Of Eliott, Lord Forbes, Master Of Lovat, Sir Alexander Gordon Of Lochinvar, Sir Alexander Gordon Of Knockenshene, Grant Of Freuchie, John Henderson Of Fordell, Lord Alexander Home, Sir Patrick Houston Of That Ilk, William Johnstone Of That Ilk, Lord Keith, Lord Lorn, Lyon (Sons Of Lord Glamis), MacKenzie Of Kintail, Sir Alexander MacNaughton Of That Ilk, Andrew Pitcairn Of Pitcairn And 7 Sons, Lord Ross, William Ruthven Of That Ilk, Sir Walter Scott Of Buccleuch, Alexander Skene Of That Ilk, Sir David Wemyss, Earl Of Argyll, Lord Kinnaird, Master Of Cathcart, MacDonald Of Lochalsh.<\/p>\n

—–<\/p>\n

\"Chiefs1aGT-1024x752\"<\/a>The St Giles Service…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Just over 40 clan chiefs \u00a0attended the St Giles service. At the end of the service they mustered for a photograph on the steps. To help you identify who was there we have been given a sketch with a key to the names:<\/p>\n

1. Sir Walter Riddell of Riddell 2. The Hon. Elizabeth Fairbairn 3. Madam Pauline Hunter of Hunterston 4. Sir David Bannerman of Elsick 5. Lord Polwarth 6. Andrew Wallace Younger of that Ilk 7. Andrew Dewar Durie of Durie CBE 8. Michael Ancram, Marquess of Lothian 9. Andrew MacThomas of Finegand 10. Earl of Dundee 11. David Campbell of Strachur 12. Roderick Macneil of Barra 13. Sir James McGrigor 14. Earl of Eglinton and Winton 15. Professor David Hannay of Kirkdale and of that Ilk 16. Henry Trotter Younger of Charterhall 17. John MacArthur of that Ilk 18. Duncan Paisley of Westerlea 19. Richard Carmichael of Carmichael 20. Earl of Caithness21. Earl of Lauderdale 22. The Hon. Alexander Leslie 23. Earl of Erroll \u00a024. Lord Napier and Ettrick 25. Madam Arabella Kincaid of Kincaid 26. David Cranstoun of that Ilk 27. Jamie Macnab of Macnab 28. Earl of Wemyss and March 29. Sir Crispin Agnew of Lochnaw \u00a030. The Hon. Kate Nicolson 31. Duke of Montrose 32. The Hon. Peregrine Moncreiffe of that Ilk 33. Martin Haldane of Gleneagles 34. \u00a0Lord Sempill 35. \u00a0Andrew Marjoribanks of that Ilk 36. Donald MacLaren of MacLaren\u00a0 37. \u00a0Duke of Hamilton 38. Field Marshal the Lord Guthrie of Craigiebank 39. Isla St Clair 40. Marquess of Ailsa 41. Madam Margaret Eliott of Redheugh 42. Sir Malcolm MacGregor of MacGregor 43. Lord Macdonald of Macdonald 44. \u00a0Richard Oliphant of that Ilk<\/p>\n

This image will help you identify the chiefs:<\/p>\n

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On Monday Amanda and I were privileged to be able to attend the service in commemoration for the 500th anniversary of the Battle of Flodden held at St Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh. Over 40 Clan Chiefs were in attendance and you will be able to read the list of names below. The service included lessons […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[306,345,308,406,39,9,237,10,902,163,309,257,521,523,321,48,501,258,101,310,403,416,1017,126,463,778,130,670,311,464,292,121,795,1033,459,682,208,1034,49,398,50,440,465,51,442,396,89,14,691,302,261,460,786,267,448,967,1035,201,135,188,7,100,1036,148,83,169],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5369","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agnew","category-barclay","category-boyd","category-boyle","category-cameron","category-campbell","category-carmichael-scottish-clans","category-scottish-clans","category-crichton","category-cunningham","category-douglas","category-elliot","category-erskine-scottish-clans","category-farquharson-scottish-clans","category-forbes","category-fraser","category-gordon","category-graham","category-gunn","category-hamilton","category-hay","category-henderson-scottish-clans","category-home","category-hume","category-hunter","category-inglis","category-johnstone","category-keith","category-kennedy","category-kincaid","category-lamont","category-leslie","category-lindsay","category-livingstone","category-lyon","category-mac-leod-of-lewis","category-macalister","category-macarthur","category-macdonald","category-macdonald-of-clanranald","category-macgregor","category-macintosh","category-mackay","category-mackenzie-scottish-clans","category-mackintosh","category-maclachlan","category-maclaren","category-maclean","category-macnab","category-clan-macneil","category-maxwell","category-montgomery","category-munro","category-murray","category-pringle","category-robertson","category-rose","category-ross","category-scott","category-scottish-events","category-scottish-history","category-sempill","category-seton","category-sinclair","category-stewart-scottish-clans","category-sutherland"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Flodden 500 Service at St Giles, Edinburgh. -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\/?p=5369\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Flodden 500 Service at St Giles, Edinburgh. -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On Monday Amanda and I were privileged to be able to attend the service in commemoration for the 500th anniversary of the Battle of Flodden held at St Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh. Over 40 Clan Chiefs were in attendance and you will be able to read the list of names below. The service included lessons […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\/?p=5369\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-09-12T08:59:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Amanda Moffet\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Amanda Moffet\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"13 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\\\/?p=5369#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\\\/?p=5369\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Amanda Moffet\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/efc1b4c282f8440e1f29106b1079c544\"},\"headline\":\"The Flodden 500 Service at St Giles, Edinburgh.\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-09-12T08:59:20+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\\\/?p=5369\"},\"wordCount\":2573,\"commentCount\":5,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/project1-m9gb2xku8.live-website.com\\\/?p=5369#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"articleSection\":[\"Agnew\",\"Barclay\",\"Boyd\",\"Boyle\",\"Cameron\",\"Campbell\",\"Carmichael\",\"CLANS - 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